Glass machinery mainly refers to the industry machinery and equipment used in the production and processing of glass. Glass machinery is mainly divided into two categories: glass cold treatment equipment and glass heat treatment equipment. The glass cold treatment equipment mainly includes glass cleaning machines, glass edge grinding machines, glass sanding machines, etc., which treat the surface of the glass; Glass heat treatment equipment mainly includes tempering furnaces, hot bending furnaces, etc., which treat the internal structure of glass.
Types of glass machinery
Glass machinery mainly includes the following categories:float production line,grid production line,tempering furnace,homogenizing furnace,laminating line,hollow line,coating line,screen printing equipment,glass grinding machine,glass cleaning machine,fully automatic glass sanding machine,polishing machine,loading table,cutting machine,drilling machine,engraving machine,etc.The most common ones are glass cleaning machine and glass grinding machine.
1.Glass sanding machine
Introduction and Function:In daily life,we often see that the surface of some glass is slightly rough,matte,and some have beautiful patterns and patterns.Therefore,the machine that processes this effect is called a glass sanding machine(also known as a glass sandblasting machine or glass sanding machine),with different names and similar functions.
Working principle of glass sanding machine:The blades on the high-speed rotating drum beat the sand flow introduced by the tangent line out at a speed of 18 meters/second.The sand particles are accelerated and hit the transparent glass surface that is slowly passing by.The sharp sand particles collide the glass surface into micro pits,and the overall glass surface has a frosting effect,According to the different hardness types and shapes and sizes of sand particles,there are different treatment effects on the glass surface
2.Glass edge grinding machine
Introduction and Function:The glass edging machine is mainly suitable for the processing of furniture glass,architectural glass,and process glass.It is one of the earliest and largest cold processing equipment in glass deep processing equipment.Mainly used for grinding and polishing the bottom edge and chamfer of ordinary flat glass.Generally,there are configurations such as manual,digital control,PLC computer control,etc.
The main causes of scratches on the glass surface during grinding are the quality of the raw material,process operation,and equipment condition.
3.Glass cleaning machine
A specialized equipment for cleaning and drying the surface of glass before deep processing processes such as mirror making,vacuum coating,tempering,hot bending,and hollow lamination.The glass cleaning machine mainly consists of a transmission system,brushing,rinsing with clean water,pure water rinsing,cold and hot air drying,and an electrical control system.According to user needs,medium and large glass cleaning machines are also equipped with manual(pneumatic)glass flipping carts and inspection light source systems.
4.Glass drilling machine
Glass drilling machine is a machine specifically used for drilling glass,mainly divided into:base,operating table,drill bit,motor,etc.The drilling diameter is large,the machine base has a large overhanging space,and can drill holes for various sizes of glass.The working table is low in height,easy to operate,and the lower drill bit adopts pneumatic speed regulation,with stable speed,making it an ideal drilling machine for glass processing enterprises.
Notes:
Pay attention to safety during debugging and use.When starting the machine,do not touch moving parts,live parts,tools,and other objects.Do not place them on the conveyor rail and cover.In case of emergency,immediately press the"emergency stop"button or pull down the air switch;Pay attention to the grinding situation at all times:the wear of the grinding wheel should be compensated in a timely manner.
Maintain sufficient cooling water and clean water quality in the water tank at all times to avoid burning the grinding wheel and glass,and promptly clean the grinding impurities in the inlet and outlet water pipes.Before working,check whether all travel switches are working properly and the control direction is correct.If they are not correct or the control direction is incorrect,stop the machine immediately for inspection,otherwise the machine may be fatally damaged.
5.Tempering furnace
A glass tempering furnace is an equipment that produces tempered glass using physical or chemical methods,including two types:physical and chemical glass tempering equipment.
The physical method of glass tempering equipment is to heat and then rapidly cool flat glass,forming compressive stress on the surface of the cooled glass and tensile stress inside the glass,thereby improving the strength of the glass and making ordinary annealed glass a tempered glass equipment.Due to the fact that this tempering method does not change the chemical composition of glass,it is called a physical method glass tempering equipment.If classified according to the heating characteristics of the equipment,it can be divided into forced convection heating tempering equipment and radiation heating tempering equipment;If classified according to the structure and functional characteristics of the equipment,it can be divided into combined tempering equipment,flat tempering equipment,bent tempered glass equipment,continuous tempering equipment,bidirectional tempering equipment,hanging furnaces,and so on.
Chemical tempering equipment improves the strength of glass by changing the chemical composition of the glass surface.Currently,there are methods such as surface dealkalization and alkali metal ion exchange;Due to the fact that this tempering method changes the chemical composition of glass,it is called a chemical method glass tempering equipment.
6.Hot bending furnace
Hot bent glass can be classified into three categories based on its shape:single bending,bending,and composite bending.
For building glass with a single bend,glass hot bending is relatively easy.However,many manufacturers often fail to match the mold well at the curved edge approximately 150mm away from the straight edge of the product,and some exceed the standard requirements,causing installation difficulties.To solve this problem,the first requirement is that the electric heating arrangement of the hot bending furnace should be reasonable,able to achieve local heating,and the placement direction of the product should be consistent with the direction of the electric heating wire.
The common types of bent hot bent glass include aquarium glass and counter glass.The biggest technical difficulty in bending glass is the bending of straight edges and the easy occurrence of mold marks at the corners.Therefore,curved glass is also very common,such as spherical glass,curved arched profiles,glass washbasins,etc.This type of glass requires a high level of technical proficiency in hot bending operations,precise mold making,and some require professional hot bending furnaces to complete.
Hot bent glass is a curved glass made by heating and softening high-quality glass,forming it in molds,and then annealing it to meet the high-quality needs of modern architecture.The style is beautiful and the lines are smooth.It breaks through the singularity of flat glass and is more flexible and diverse in use.Suitable for special requirements of different shapes such as doors,windows,ceilings,curtain walls,etc.
Overall,the technology level of hot bending glass in China is still relatively backward,and the hot bending of some specific glass often does not meet user requirements.For example,hot bending of oversized and deep arc glass results in lower yield.From a mechanical perspective,during the hot bending process of glass,forces are concentrated from both sides to the middle.When the magnitude of the force exceeds the allowable stress of the glass,the glass plate bursts.Therefore,adding an auxiliary external force support during glass hot bending can effectively solve this problem.
The Development of Glass Machinery
The development of China's glass machinery industry began in the early 1990s,mainly due to the migration of foreign-funded(Taiwan funded)enterprises,which began to take root and sprout domestically.With the regional transfer of world processing plants and the rapid development of related industries in China,the glass machinery processing industry began to develop rapidly in China.Early glass machinery production enterprises were represented by Shenzhen Yiweigao Industrial Development Co.,Ltd.,but soon after,there was differentiation and it became several leading enterprises in Shunde,Guangdong and Shenzhen.In later development,it gradually expanded into two large areas,mainly the Pearl River Delta and the Yangtze River Delta.
The current situation of glass machinery
By the early 20th century,there was a trend following the emergence of glass processing enterprises.There have been concentrated industrial areas such as Foshan,Shenzhen,Guangzhou,Shanghai,Hangzhou,Suzhou,Zhangjiagang,etc.Its development area has expanded to the Shandong Peninsula to the Bohai Rim region,and has spread to multiple cities in the mainland.Currently,more than 50%of China's glass cold processing equipment is produced and manufactured in Shunde,Guangdong.
By 2014,the development of China's glass machinery was highly dependent on the international market.
The good development prospects of the glass fine processing industry will maintain a rapid development trend in China's glass edge grinding machine industry.It is expected that the annual growth rate of demand for automotive and building laminated safety glass in the Chinese market will be about 30%from 2011 to 2013.This means that the glass machinery industry has enormous development potential and endurance in China.
Architectural and automotive glass,as well as glass products,are playing an increasingly important role as substrates in the process of diversified development,bringing opportunities and challenges to glass production and processing equipment.The flexible production process and multifunctional production equipment in 2014 were the development trends of the global glass processing industry.They require glass processing equipment to have high repeatability and accuracy.Automotive and architectural glass have always been committed to reducing glass thickness to meet market demand,which puts higher demands on glass deep processing technology.Many glass deep processing enterprises have started to improve the efficiency of their production lines,integrating all aspects of glass deep processing.This will become the development trend of the future glass deep processing industry.
